Los iikati ezimhlophe Zibangel’ umdla ngokwenene. Uboya bayo, bufana ne Snieva, kunye namehlo akhe, ahlala ekhona luhlaza okanye imibala eyahlukileyo, ivelise imvakalelo yemfihlakalo kunye nobuhle. Ezi mpawu ezizodwa ziye zakhokelela kwinkolelo ephosakeleyo yokuba zonke iikati ezimhlophe zizithulu. Kodwa ngaba oku kuyinyaniso? Luluphi unxulumano olukhoyo phakathi kombala wedyasi yawo, ithoni yamehlo awo namandla awo okuva? Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngokucokisekileyo olu nxibelelwano ngokweenkcukacha nangendlela echanekileyo.
I-W gene kunye neempembelelo zayo kwiikati ezimhlophe
El Uhlobo W., ukusuka kwisiNgesi "Mhlophe", ijongene neempawu zoboya obumhlophe lala kati. Le mfuza i-pleiotropic, ithetha ukuba ineempembelelo ezininzi kwisilwanyana. Akukona nje ukumisela umbala wengubo kunye namehlo, kodwa idibene neengxaki zokuva. Iikati ezifumana ilifa lemfuza zinethuba elikhulu lokuzalwa zizithulu ngenxa yempembelelo yayo ekuphuhlisweni kwendlebe yangaphakathi.
Ngexesha lophuhliso lwe-embryonic, utshintsho kwi-W gene luchaphazela iiseli zangaphambili ezaziwa ngokuba melanoblasts. Ezi seli zinoxanduva lokufudukela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, kuquka nendlebe engaphakathi. Ukuba i-melanoblasts ayifiki kwindlebe yangaphakathi, iiseli zeenwele ezijongene nokuguqula amaza omsindo zibe yimpembelelo yombane aziphuhli ngokufanelekileyo, ezibangela ukungeva kwikati.
Ngoobani abachatshazelwa kakhulu kukungeva?
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-W gene kunye nokungeva akufani; Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumbala wamehlo ekati. Ngokutsho kwezifundo, i iikati ezimhlophe ngamehlo luhlaza Ziye phakathi kwe-a 60% kunye 80% amathuba okuba sisithulu kwiindlebe zombini. Kwelinye icala, iikati ezimhlophe ezinamehlo ahlukeneyo zine phakathi a 30% kunye 40% ukuba nokwenzeka kokuphuhlisa ubuthulu becala elinye (kwindlebe enye kuphela), ngokubanzi ezinxulumene necala apho iliso eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka likhona.
Ngokuthelekisa, iikati ezimhlophe ezinamehlo anemibala green o evuthiweyo kakhulu amathuba okuba baphathwe bubuthulu, ngamanani ukusuka 10% kunye 20%.
Ukuphindaphinda kweekati ezimhlophe kubemi
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba inye kuphela ipesenti encinci inani leekati zehlabathi ngokupheleleyo mhlophe. Kuqikelelwa ukuba kuphela 5% yeekati zikolu didi. Kweli qela lincinane, umlinganiselo omncinane ngakumbi unamehlo luhlaza okanye iyahlukana, nto leyo eyenza ezi ntaka zikhetheke kwaye zithandeke ngakumbi.
Iikati ezimhlophe ezingevayo kwindalo
Kwimeko yendalo, i isithulu inokuba yingxaki enkulu kwiikati. Ezi zilwanyana zixhomekeke kuzo izivamvo ezintlanu ukuzingela nokuphepha amarhamncwa. Ukuba ikati izalwe isisithulu, unina unokuyigatya, ecinga ukuba isengozini ngakumbi, isigqibo sokuba, nangona sikrwada, sisabela kwimithetho yokukhethwa kwendalo.
Kwiimeko zasekhaya, le ntsilelo iyanyamalala, ekubeni i iikati ezingevayo Bayakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo nokuhlala ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba abo bahlala nabo bathathe amanyathelo athile okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nempilo yabo.
Indlela yokuchonga ubuthulu ekati
Ubuthulu busenokungabonakali kwiiveki zokuqala zobomi bekati. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukungaphenduli kwizandi ezingxolayo, ezifana nokuqhwatywa okanye ukubethelwa kabukhali kufutshane.
- Ukukhwaza kakhulu ngenxa yokungakwazi ukulawula umthamo welizwi labo.
- Ukungabikho kokusabela kwingxolo ngexesha lokulala.
- iingxaki zokulinganisela okanye utyekelo lokushukuma xa uhamba.
Uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lokufumanisa ukuba ikati isithulu lwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela I-BAER (I-Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response). Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wobuchopho ekuphenduleni i-auditory stimuli. Nangona ingahlaseli kakhulu, ukufumaneka kwayo kunokulinganiselwa kwamanye amazwe ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu.
Ukhathalelo olubalulekileyo lwekati esisithulu
Los iikati ezimhlophe ezingevayo Banothando kwaye bayadlala njengabanye, kodwa bafuna ukhathalelo oluthile. Apha sikushiyela iingcebiso:
- Gcina ikati yakho ngaphakathi: Iikati ezingevayo aziyiva izithuthi okanye ezinye iingozi, nto leyo eyandisa ingozi yazo xa zibhadula ngaphandle.
- Unxibelelwano olubonakalayo: Sebenzisa izinto ezibonwayo ukunxibelelana naye. Iikati ziqwalasela ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye zinokufunda ukudibanisa iintshukumo ezithile kunye nezenzo ezifana "nexesha lokutya" okanye "yiza apha."
- Kuphephe ukumoyikisa: Soloko usondela kwikati yakho ngaphambili kwaye uphephe ukuhamba ngesiquphe okunokumoyikisa, kuba engayiva indlela esondela ngayo.
- Ibonelela ngovuselelo: Dlala nekati yakho usebenzisa iithoyi ezisebenzisanayo kwaye uchithe ixesha elisemgangathweni womeleza ubudlelwane bakho.
Iikati ze-Albino kunye nokwahlukana kwazo kwiikati ezimhlophe
Kubalulekile ukuba ungadibanisi iikati ezimhlophe kunye ne-albinos. Nangona zombini zinoboya obumhlophe, iialbhino azinabala kwaphela, nto leyo echaphazela amehlo nolusu. Iikati ze-Albino zinamehlo apinki okanye aluhlaza kakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-melanin, kwaye ulusu lwazo lunochuku kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
Ngokungafaniyo neekati ezimhlophe, iikati zealbhino azityekeleli ekubeni zizithulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-depigmentation yabo ibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-tyrosinase gene, engachaphazeli ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokuva.
Ukwazi lo mahluko kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhathalelo olwaneleyo ngokweemfuno zesilwanyana ngasinye.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kombala wedyasi, amehlo, kunye nokungeva kwiikati ezimhlophe yinto enomdla ebonisa ukuntsonkotha kwemfuzo yekati. Nangona ezinye iikati ezimhlophe zijongene nocelomngeni olongezelelekileyo ngenxa yokungeva, ngenkathalo efanelekileyo nengqalelo, zinokunandipha ubomi obude, obonwabileyo nobanelisayo kunye nabantu bazo.
Ndiyazi kuphela iikati ezinamehlo antsundu kwaye ezo ndinekati ezinamehlo aluhlaza zazingezozithulu.
Ukungeva kunxulumene nohlobo lwe-W kunye ne-s gene (iikati ezithile ezimhlophe) kunye nee-albino, ngokubhekisele kumbala wengubo. Kungenxa yoko le nto ingxelo abayenzayo "Ngokwenyani, ziikati ezimhlophe kuphela ezinamehlo aluhlaza okanye imibala eyahlukileyo." ayichanekanga, kuba ikwenzeka nakwiikati ezinamehlo ansundu. Umthombo, ngaphandle kokuba ngumncedisi wezilwanyana, kukuba ndineekati ezimhlophe ezinamehlo angaboniyo, enye imhlophe enye inendawo encinci kwaye inzala yabo khange kubekho njana zezithulu sinolwazi ngazo. Kwaye enye kukuba ndamkele ikati elimhlophe ngokupheleleyo elinamehlo amdaka kwaye ngequbuliso xa sibadala saqonda ukuba wayesisithulu ngokupheleleyo.
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba inkqubo apho amehlo athabatha umbala inokubangela ukuba imibala eyahlukileyo, ingabi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela, kodwa ikwahlula namehlo, kodwa konke oku kuchatshazelwa ziipolitiki eziphembelela uhlobo lweW.
Ke kuya kufuneka uqale ngokugxotha iintsomi ezithile.
Phendula nge quote
Enkosi kakhulu ngengcaciso, gsd 🙂
Ndinekati emhlophe emhlophe ngokupheleleyo enamehlo eorenji (ithoni eyomeleleyo) kwaye isithulu, ndiyabona ukuba unoburhalarhume kakhulu, ayivumeli ukuba icinezelwe kwaye imow igqithise kakhulu, iyangxola xa isiza kutya, ebusuku uyasebenza kwaye uyankqonkqoza yonke into phantsi.
Molo Judely.
Ngandlel 'ithile, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba aziphathe ngale ndlela. Ukuphulukana nokuva kwabo, okanye ukuzalwa bengeva, kufuneka 'bazazise'. Kungenxa yoko le nto ephakama kakhulu kunesiqhelo.
Ingcebiso yam kukuba akaphelelanga, menzele isitokhwe. Oku kuyakwenza uzive ukhululeke ngakumbi njengoko ungasayi kuphinda uye kufuna iqabane.
Ukuba awuvumeli ukuba ucinezelwe, ewe, kuya kufuneka uyihloniphe. Mnike ukuphatha kwekati amaxesha ngamaxesha, umjonge kancinci evula kwaye evala amehlo, hlala kufutshane naye umgcina enenkampani.
I sibindi!