Kunzima kakhulu ukubona ikati iphefumla ngomlomo wayo, kwaye esi silwanyana siphefumla kuphela, ngokungafaniyo nezinja okanye nathi, ngeempumlo. Xa simbona evule umlomo ngomlomo, enengxaki yokuphefumla, yiya kwangoko kugqirha wezilwanyana kuba ubomi bakhe busengozini.
Ziziphi iingxaki zokuphefumla kwiikati kwaye baphathwa njani?
Iingxaki zokuphefumla kwiikati
La ukudinwa kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla Ezi mpawu azizange ziqheleke kwiikati. Izifo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zineempawu ezifanayo (ukukhohlela, ukuthimla, impumlo evuzayo, okanye ukukhefuzela), kodwa ke Unyango luxhomekeke kunobangelaNgoko ke, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezilwanyana kubalulekile. Apha ngezantsi, siphonononga ezona pathologies zixhaphakileyo kunye nendlela eziphathwa ngayo, kunye nezinye izizathu ezingaziwayo nezikhokelela kwiingxaki zokuphefumla.
Asma
Isifo sombefu okanye i-bronchitis ye-aleji kwiikati sisifo esinokubonakala nangaliphi na ixesha, ukubonakala kwaso kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba isilwanyana sihlala kwikhaya apho abantu batshaya khona. Unobangela wayo kukucinezelwa kweendlela zomoya kunye neomoya okanye ibronchi, eziyimibhobho ejongene nokuhambisa umoya ukusuka kwi-trachea ukuya emiphungeni.
Ukunciphisa ezi ndlela kwenzeka xa amajoni omzimba egqitha kubukho be-allergen (umungu, umsi, njl.).
Iimpawu kunye nonyango
Iimpawu zezi: ukuphefumla okufutshane (unokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kunye / okanye wenze ingxolo engaphezulu), ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukuvutha xa ukhupha umoya.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ikati yakho inesifuba, kufuneka umse kugqirha wezilwanyana ukuze afumane unyango. Ngamana unokuyalela amayeza okunyanga kunye ne-inhalers.
Kwinkqubo yeklinikhi, i-asthma ye-feline iqinisekisiwe kunye isifuba x-reyi kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye iimvavanyo. corticosteroids Banceda ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi kunye bronchodilators Baququzelela ukungena komoya, rhoqo nge amagumbi okuphefumla zilungiselelwe iikati. Ukongeza, i ulawulo lokusingqongileyoKuphephe umsi, ii-aerosols, uthuli lwesanti olucolekileyo kakhulu noluqholiweyo, kwaye ungenise umoya endlwini.
ICalicivirus
Sisifo esiqhelekileyo sokuphefumla. Amehlo, impumlo nomlomo ngamalungu apho intsholongwane iphindaphindeka khona. Ichaphazela iikati, iikati ezindala, kunye nezo zihlala kwiikholoni. Ukuba ikati esempilweni iyadibana nemfihlo egulayo, okanye ukuba ityile kwisitya esinye nayo, inokosuleleka.
Yintsholongwane enako ukuhlala kwindawo ehlala ixesha elideNgoko ke, izilwanyana ezingagonywanga zisengozini enkulu.
Iimpawu kunye nonyango
Ezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo zezi: izilonda emqaleni naselulwimini, ukuthimla, ukuphuma ezimpumlweni, ifiva, inyumoniya nokuphuma kwamehlo.
Ukukunceda, kufuneka umse kugqirha wezilwanyana ukuze umnyange ngamachiza alwa nentsholongwane. Kubalulekile ukuba ekhaya ucoce amehlo akhe ngegeyisi efakwe nge-chamomile ukuze umenze azive engcono.
Ugqirha wezilwanyana unokongeza iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo lwesibini lwebhaktiriya, iipinkon ngenxa yeentlungu zezilonda kunye ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi kunye nenkxaso yesondloUkugcina indawo efumileyo (ibhafu yomphunga) inceda ukubhitya i-mucus. ugonyo oludibeneyo Inciphisa kakhulu ubunzima kunye nokuphindaphinda kokuqhambuka.
Inkqubo yokuphefumla kaFeline
Kubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezihlasela indlela yokuphefumla ephezulu: umqala, umlomo, ulwimi, impumlo namehlo. Nje ukuba bangene emzimbeni, bayaziphinda-phinda kwezi ndawo zibangela ukucaphuka nokungonwabi okuqhelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isilwanyana esichaphazelekayo senze amathe ngakumbi, iinyembezi, ukuthimla okanye amafinyela kwaye uzisebenzise njengendlela yokuhambisa ukosulela abanye.
Kuqheleke kakhulu, ingakumbi kumantshontsho ekati, kuba akanayo inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ukuba akukho njalo, inokubulala.
Iimpawu kunye nonyango
Iimpawu zomphefumlo wokuphefumla ezinzima zezi: izilonda elulwimini, ukudumba emlonyeni, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, ukurhawuzelela.
Ukuze achache ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, ugqirha wezilwanyana uyakunyanga esi sifo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, uhambisa amanzi ngekati nge-serum.
I-complex complex ibandakanya I-herpesvirus kunye ne-calicivirus kwaye amaxesha amaninzi iintsholongwane ziyathanda I-Bordetella, i-chlamydia kunye ne-mycoplasmasKwezinye iikati, intsholongwane ihlala ilele. latent kwaye banokuba njalo abathwaliukuphelisa i-pathogen ngamaxesha athile, ngakumbi nge uxinzeleloUkhathalelo oluxhasayo (ulwelo, ubushushu, ukucocwa kokukhutshwa kwamanzi) kunye ukuba yedwa kunye nococeko Ukuhlala ekhaya kunciphisa usulelo.
Ukuchithwa kwendalo
Esi sifo kwenzeka xa ulwelo lusakha emiphungeni. Ngenxa yoko, la malungu abalulekileyo akanakudumba ngenxa yokunqongophala kwendawo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ikati isweleke ngokuntywila.
Kwenzeka rhoqo kwiindawo ezinengxaki zentliziyo, umhlaza okanye i-leukemia ye-feline. Kodwa, nokuba ikati lakho lisempilweni, kuya kufuneka unike ingqalelo kwiimpawu elinokuba nazo ebomini bayo bonke.
Iimpawu kunye nonyango
Iimpawu zesi sifo zezi zilandelayo: ukukhohlela, ukukhefuzela, ukuphefumla nzima, kunye nolwimi lunokujika luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukongeza, uya kuba novalo.
Unyango lwezi meko zihlala zihlinzwa. Ulwelo lususwa kwimiphunga yakho phantsi kweanesthesia ngokubanzi, ze emva koko kunikwe unyango ngamayeza aza kunceda inkqubo yokuphefumla isebenze.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi, banokufunyaniswa pyothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax okanye i-transudates yenhliziyo. thoracentesis ithoba ithorax kunye ne unyango lweoksijini uzinzise isigulane; uze unyange unobangela.
I-rhinotracheitis yentsholongwane
Kubangelwa yi-feline herpes virus 1, ethi ihlasela ikakhulu iikati kunye neekati ezindala, ngakumbi iimpumlo, amehlo, umqala nomlomo zibangela ukudumba kunye nomkhuhlane. Ukuba ikati ekhulelweyo iyayifumana, iyakugqithisela kubantwana bayo okanye, kwimeko embi, ikhuphe isisu ngokwendalo.
Kuya kufuneka uhlale uyikhumbula loo nto Uxinzelelo yinto eyenza intsholongwane isebenzeKe kufuneka sizame ukwenza umhlobo wethu aphile ubomi obuzolileyo nobonwabisayo.
Iimpawu kunye nonyango
Iimpawu, ukongeza kwezo besesizikhankanyile ngaphambili, zezi zilandelayo: ukuthimla, i-conjunctivitis, ukukhutshwa kwamehlo kunye neempumlo, izilonda zomlomo nolwimi, kunye nenyumoniya.
Ngelishwa akukho unyango lwe-rhinotracheitis, kodwa ngamayeza antivirals isilwanyana singaphila iminyaka emininzi.
Iikati ezininzi ziphela njenge abathwali ezingapheliyoNgononophelo olufanelekileyo, ukuxilongwa rhoqo kunye nokugonywa, banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
Iimpawu ezilumkisayo kunye nexesha lokubona ugqirha wezilwanyana
Iikati zifihla ukungathandeki kwazo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ziqonde utshintsho ekuphefumleni kunye nokuziphatha:
- Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (ngaphezu kwe-30 yokuphefumla ngomzuzu) okanye iphantsi kakhulu ekuphumleni.
- Ukuphefumla ngomlomo wakho uvulekile, into engaqhelekanga kwiikati.
- Ukuqhuma kwempumlo xa uphefumla, isisu okanye isifuba sishukuma kakhulu.
- Ukuma kwe-Orthopneic: intamo yoluliwe, i-elbows ngaphandle kunye ne-sternum ixhaswe.
- Iintsini eziluhlaza okanye eziluhlaza, ukutyhafa, ubuthathaka okanye isiqaqa.
Ingcebiso esebenzayoBala ukuphefumla komntwana wakho ngelixa elele ngokujonga isifuba sakhe sinyuka kwaye siwa. Ukuba idlula ukuphefumla kwe-30 ngomzuzu okanye uqaphela ukuba kunzima, qhagamshelana nodokotela ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nokunakekelwa kwenkxaso
Ukumisela unyango oluchanekileyo, ugqirha wezilwanyana unokwenza i-auscultation, ii-x-reyi, iimvavanyo zegazi, iimvavanyo ze PCR okanye inkcubeko ye secretions, rinoscopiakwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, a ukuhlamba i-bronchoalveolarKwigumbi likaxakeka, i unyango lweoksijini kunye thoracentesis (ukuba kukho ukuchitheka) zibalulekile.
Inkxaso ibandakanya unyango lwe-fluid Ukuba kukho ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, nutrición (shushumbisa ukutya okanye usebenzise ukutya okunencasa kakhulu), ukufuma kwe-ambient y ukucoceka kwamehlo kunye neempumlo nge-gauze kunye nesisombululo se-saline. Ekhaya, ziphephe ukuzinikezela ngamayeza Ngaphandle komyalelo, musa ukunyanzelisa umthambo kwaye unikeze indawo efudumeleyo nepholileyo.
Ezinye izizathu zeengxaki zokuphefumla kwiikati
Usulelo lwebhaktheriya kwindlela yokuphefumula
Nangona usulelo oluninzi luqala ngeentsholongwane, luhlala luntsonkothelwa ziintsholongwane. Zibonakaliswa nge ukukhutshwa kwamafinya amaninzi (etyheli okanye eluhlaza), umkhuhlane y ukulahleka komdlaUgqirha wezilwanyana udla ngokumisela antibiotics ebanzi kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukulima ukukhetha eyona isebenzayo. Unyango igqibe kuphephe ukubuyela emva.
Izifunxi-gazi eziphefumlayo
Los lungworms Zisenokubangela ukhohlokhohlo olungapheliyo okanye zingaqatshelwa. Zifunyenwe kunye iimvavanyo zesitulo okanye i-bronchoalveolar lavage kwaye iphathwa ngayo iyeza ethile. I uthintelo antiparasite Ukusetyenziswa ngamaxesha athile kunciphisa umngcipheko.
Izifo zefungal
Azixhaphakanga, kodwa zibalulekile: cryptococcosis (eyona ixhaphakileyo), i-histoplasmosis, i-blastomycosis, okanye i-coccidioidomycosis. Ngokuqhelekileyo balandela ikhosi ezingapheliyo kunye nokukhutshwa kweempumlo okuzingisileyo kunye notshintsho kwindawo yeempumlo. Bafunyaniswa ngoxilongo icytology/inkcubeko kwaye uphendule ku antifungals iiveki okanye iinyanga, kunye ne-prognosis elungileyo ukuba iphathwe ngexesha.
Imizimba yangaphandle, iipolyps kunye neengxaki zamazinyo
Omnye ingca yengca Kwi-larynx okanye kwi-trachea, iyacaphukisa kwaye ibangela ukukhwehlela okanye ukukhupha. iipolyps nasopharyngeal (iithumba ezinobungozi kwiikati ezincinci) zibangela erhona kunye nemfihlo; basombulula kunye ukususwa. la isifo samazinyo kunye ne-fistulas ethile inokubangela ukuthimla kunye nokukhutshwa kweempumlo kwelinye icala; i unyango lwamazinyo Bayaphucuka.
I-rhinitis ye-feline engasuleliyo
La i-allergic rhinitis Itshisa i-mucosa yeempumlo ngenxa yothuli, i-pollen, okanye utshintsho olukhawulezayo lwemozulu, nge Ukuthimla y impumlo enemifinyaNgokuqhelekileyo kuncinci, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke iliso kwi-allergen ekhaya kwaye udibane nodokotela ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka.
Ngaba banokuthintelwa?
Hayi i-100%, kodwa zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uqiniseke ukuba umhlobo wakho onoboya une... ubomi obunempilo kangangoko. Zezi zilandelayo:
- Mnike ukutya okusemgangathweni: Ukuba ikati itya ukutya okungenazinkozo okanye iimveliso zivelisiweyo, kodwa ipesenti ephezulu yezilwanyana (ubuncinci be-70%), ayizukukhula kakuhle kuphela, kodwa iya kuba nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yomelele.
- Mthabathe ayokuthatha iifoto zakhe: Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukuyishiya ngaphandle. Inkqubo ye- ugonyo Zenziwe ngeentsholongwane zokulala, ezisetyenziselwa umzimba ukwenza izilwa-buhlungu, eziya kuthi zilungiselele ukulwa neentsholongwane ezisemekweni okanye ezinokungena emzimbeni wekati.
- Khathalela ikati yakhoXa uthatha isigqibo sokuba nesilwanyana ekhaya, kufuneka usikhathalele yonke imihla, into ethetha ukuba kufuneka usinike ukutya nento eselwayo, ugcine inkampani yakho, udlale nayo, kwaye uyise kugqirha wezilwanyana xa kurhanelwa ukuba iyagula. Ngokuqinisekileyo uqinisekile ukuba uya kuphila ubomi obude kwaye obonwabisayo.
- Gwema umsi kunye ne-aerosolsIcuba, izinto ezihlaziya umoya, okanye izinto ezicaphukisayo ziyenza mandundu imeko. isifo sesifuba kunye ne-rhinitis.
- Ucoceko kunye nokungenisa umoyaUkucocwa kwesanti kunye ne-feeders, ukulawula powder kwaye kuhle umoya ongenisa umoya ukunciphisa iintsholongwane.
- Ukuvalelwa kunye novavanyoXa uzisa ikati entsha, yenza ukubekwa wedwa uphononongo lwethutyana kunye nonyango lwezilwanyana ukuthintela ukuqhambuka.
- Ukulawula uxinzeleloIzicwangciso ezizinzile, ukutyetyiswa kokusingqongileyo kunye neendawo ezikhuselekileyo zinciphisa ukuvuselelwa kwe-herpes.
- Ukubulala iintshulube ngamaxesha athileIishedyuli ezifanelekileyo ze-anthelmintic zithintela izifunxi-gazi zemiphunga.
- Impilo yamazinyoUkuhlolwa kwamazinyo kunye nokucoca kuthintela iinkqubo ezichaphazela impumlo kunye nezono.
- Kuphephe ukubanda okugqithisileyo kunye nokufumaInciphisa utyhileko kwimisinga kwaye ibonelela iindawo ezishushu ukuphumla.
Siyathemba ukuba uya kufumana eli nqaku liluncedo. Okwangoku, indibaniselwano ye uxilongo oluchanekileyo, phezulu unyango oluxhasayo kunye namaqhinga ukuthintela Ngokugonywa kunye nokunyamekela imihla ngemihla, impembelelo yezi zifo iye yancitshiswa kakhulu. Khangela iimpawu zokuqalaUkwenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokugcina imikhwa elungileyo ekhaya zizitshixo zoxolo lwengqondo yekati yakho.