Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo, isifo esibangele ngokungangqalanga owona monakalo kwiikati. Ngethamsanqa, oogqirha bezilwanyana abambalwa nabancinci namhlanje baxelela abazali bexesha elizayo ukuba "kufuneka balahle isilwanyana." Ngoba? Inyamakazi lilungu lentsapho, yaye ngenxa yoko ifanele ithandwe yaye ikhathalelwe endaweni yokoyikwa.
Ukuba ukhe uzibuze indlela yokuxelela ukuba ikati yakho ine-toxoplasmosis okanye ufuna ukuqonda ngcono esi sifo, eli nqaku liza kukunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neempawu, izizathu, ukuxilongwa, unyango kunye namanyathelo okuthintela ukuthintela ukosuleleka.
Yintoni i-toxoplasmosis?
I-Toxoplasmosis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yi-parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Le microorganism inokuchaphazela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezifudumeleyo kwaye, ngokukodwa, iikati, ezikuphela kwemikhosi ecacileyo ye-parasite. Kuzo, umjikelezo wobomi be-parasite ugqityiwe kwaye i-oocysts iyakhululwa enokuthi ingcolise indalo kunye bosulela abanye abantu, kuquka abantu.
I-parasite inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kwi inyama eluhlaza, ilindle, amanzi angcolileyo, okanye amaxhoba afana neempuku neentaka. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ikati yasekhaya engaphumi ngaphandle kwaye ukutya kwayo kulawulwa ine umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu yokukhathazwa sesi sifo, ngaphandle kokuba idibane nenyama ekrwada eyosulelekileyo okanye ilindle lezinye iikati ezithwalayo.
Usulelo njani iikati?
Iikati zinokosulelwa yi-toxoplasmosis ngokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Ukungeniswa kwexhoba elosulelekileyo: Iimpuku, iintaka okanye ezinye izilwanyana eziqulathe amaqhuqhuva e-parasite.
- Ukutya inyama ekrwada okanye engaphekwanga ngokwaneleyo: Yenye yeendlela eziphambili zosulelo ukuba ukutya akunyangwanga kakuhle.
- Ukuselwa kwamanzi okanye ukutya okungcolileyo: Ii-oocysts eziphalazwa kwezinye iikati zelindle zinokungcolisa imithombo yangaphandle.
- Ugqithiso lwe-Transplacental: Oomama abosulelekileyo banokusasaza isifo kumantshontsho abo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Kubalulekile gcina ucoceko kunye nokugcina ulawulo olwaneleyo lokutya kwekati ukuphepha naluphi na usulelo olunokwenzeka.
Iimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis kwiikati
Kwiikati ezininzi, i-toxoplasmosis asymptomatic, nto leyo ethetha ukuba azibonakalisi zimpawu zicacileyo zokugula. Nangona kunjalo, xa iimpawu zisenzeka, zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo echaphazelekayo:
- Iimpawu zeNeurological: Ukuxhuzula, i-ataxia (ukunyakaza okungahambi kakuhle), okanye ukungcangcazela kwemisipha.
- Iingxaki zokuphefumla: I-Dyspnea (ubunzima bokuphefumla) okanye ukukhutshwa kweempumlo.
- Ukuphazamiseka kokutya: Urhudo, ukunciphisa umzimba kunye ne-anorexia.
- Ezinye iimpawu jikelele: Umkhuhlane, i-jaundice (i-yellowing yesikhumba kunye ne-mucous membranes), i-lethargy okanye i-lymphadenopathy (i-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo).
Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ngakumbi kwiikati ezine amajoni omzimba abuthathaka, iingxaki ezichaphazela isibindi, imiphunga okanye inkqubo ye-nervous central ingenzeka, ifuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwezilwanyana.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-toxoplasmosis kwiikati
Ukuxilongwa kwe-toxoplasmosis akusekelwe kuphela ekubonweni kweempawu, kuba ezininzi zazo ziqhelekileyo kwezinye izifo. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo oluthile:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Amajoni omzimba afunyanwa ngokuchaseneyo Toxoplasma gondii ukufumanisa ukuba ikati ibonakaliswe kwisifunxi-gazi.
- Iimviwo zesitulo: Nangona ziluncedo, ezi azisoloko zigqibezela kuba ii-oocysts zichithwa ixesha elifutshane emva kosulelo lokuqala.
- Uvavanyo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu njengePCR: Zinceda ekuqinisekiseni ubukho bemfuza yemfuza kumzimba wekati.
Kubalulekile ukuba uxilongo lwenziwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana oqeqeshiweyo onokutolika ngokuchanekileyo iziphumo kwaye amisele unyango olufanelekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Unyango kunye nokulawulwa kwe-toxoplasmosis
Unyango lwe-toxoplasmosis kwiikati luxhomekeke kubunzima bosulelo kunye nemeko yezilwanyana:
- Iintsholongwane: I-Clindamycin liyeza elikhethwayo kwaye lilawulwa iiveki ezininzi.
- Amachiza okulwa nokudumba: Kwiimeko zokuvuvukala okukhulu, ezifana ne-uveitis (ukuvutha kwamehlo), i-corticosteroids ye-topical ingasetyenziswa.
- Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso: Ziquka ukugcina ikati i-hydrated, ekudleni okunokulinganisela, kunye nommandla ongenaxinzelelo.
Kubalulekile ukuba unyango lumiselwe kwaye lulawulwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana, ekubeni ukuzinyanga ngokwakho kunokuba yingozi.
Ukuthintela i-toxoplasmosis
Ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela yeyona ndlela yokukhusela ikati yakho kunye namalungu osapho lwakho:
- Musa ukunika iikati inyama ekrwada: Hlala upheka inyama phambi kokuba uyinike.
- Bathintele ukuba bangaphumi ngaphandle: Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba zizingele ixhoba elosulelekileyo.
- Ucoceko olufanelekileyo: Coca i-litter tray yonke imihla kwaye ubulale iintsholongwane ngamanzi ashushu. Sebenzisa iiglavu xa uyiphatha.
- Ulawulo lwezilwanyana: Yenza uhlolo ngamaxesha kwaye ulandele ugonyo kunye nenkqubo yokubulala iintshulube.
La manyathelo nawo aluncedo ukunciphisa umngcipheko usulelo ebantwini.
Imingcipheko ebantwini
I-Toxoplasmosis yi-zoonosis, oku kuthetha ukuba inokudluliselwa ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba ukudluliselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiikati ukuya ebantwini kunqabile kakhulu.
Uninzi lwamatyala abantu luvela yitya inyama engavuthwanga okanye ukuphatha ukutya ngaphandle kococeko olwaneleyo. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo ngabona basengozini kakhulu kwi-parasite, ngoko ke kufuneka bathathe imiqathango eyongezelelweyo. Ezi ziquka ukuphepha ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye neekati zekati kwaye ungalokothi uphathe i-tray ye-litter ngaphandle kokukhusela okufanelekileyo.
Ukwazi imingcipheko kunye nokusebenzisa amanyathelo afanelekileyo okuthintela kuvumela ukuhlalisana phakathi kwabantu kunye neekati kukhuseleke kwaye kusempilweni. I-Toxoplasmosis akufanele ibe sisizathu sokulahla ikati; Ngolwazi oluyimfuneko kunye nenkathalo, ukuhlalisana kunokwenzeka ngokugqibeleleyo.